{"id":3007,"date":"2007-10-04T11:17:45","date_gmt":"2007-10-04T11:17:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/?p=196"},"modified":"2015-03-28T01:17:52","modified_gmt":"2015-03-27T23:17:52","slug":"hicbir-sey-yapma-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/?p=3007","title":{"rendered":"\u201cHi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapma!\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\n<div id=\"attachment_4365\" style=\"width: 266px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4365\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4365 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image.jpg\" alt=\"image\" width=\"256\" height=\"185\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-4365\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fukuoka<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ge\u00e7en haftaki yaz\u0131mda, S\u00f6\u011f\u00fctl\u00fc \u2013 Maksudiye\u2019de 6\u20137 y\u0131ldan beri organik tar\u0131m yapan arkada\u015f\u0131m Berin Ert\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn de her cumartesi tezg\u00e2h a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015ei\u015fli \u2013 Ferik\u00f6y Ekolojik Halk Pazar\u0131\u2019ndan s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftim.<\/p>\n<p>O g\u00fcn, orada g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir kitap ilgimi \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Kitab\u0131n ad\u0131: \u201cEkin Sap\u0131 Devrimi\u201d. Yazar\u0131: \u201cMasanobu FUKUOKA\u201d. Berin Han\u0131m kitab\u0131 biliyordu; <strong><em>\u201cBen bu kitab\u0131 80\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda tesad\u00fcfen buldum. \u00d6ylesine ald\u0131m. O tarihten beri de hi\u00e7 elimden d\u00fc\u015fmez.\u201d<\/em><\/strong> dedi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Dede yadig\u00e2r\u0131 topraklarda organik tar\u0131m yapma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin tohumu da o zaman m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc yoksa? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Evet, ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok etkili oldu\u2026 Fukuoka\u2019n\u0131n felsefesi benden \u00f6te asl\u0131nda. Kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fum d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler de var i\u00e7inde.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Nas\u0131l bir yenilik getiriyor? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Do\u011fal tar\u0131m\u2026 \u201cDo nothing farming\u201d\u2026 Yani \u201chi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapma!\u201d Do\u011fal gidi\u015fine b\u0131rak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar\u2026 M\u00fcdahale etme, diyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Biz ne yap\u0131yoruz?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 En basitinden otlar\u0131 yok ediyoruz. Hele end\u00fcstriyel tar\u0131mda! <em>Ot k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u015fey, yok edilmesi laz\u0131m<\/em>, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi var. Onun i\u00e7in \u015fimdi bir de ot ila\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla t\u00fcm do\u011fal bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc mahvoluyor. Ekti\u011fin \u015feyin otun i\u00e7inde yeti\u015fmesi, ilk m\u00fccadeleyi kazanmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. Ama ondan sonra ot, koruyucu. Nemi muhafaza ediyor bir kere\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Birka\u00e7 sene \u00f6nce \u00e7ok kurakl\u0131k olmu\u015ftu. Bah\u00e7edeki a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndaki otlar\u0131 temizlemi\u015ftim. Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de do\u011fal haline b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. Temizlemedi\u011fimiz yerdeki a\u011fa\u00e7lar hi\u00e7 susuzluk \u00e7ekmedi. Di\u011ferleri neredeyse gidiyordu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Sizin k\u00f6yde ba\u015fka kimse ya\u015fad\u0131 m\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir deneyimi?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Evet, ama isteyerek de\u011fil, tesad\u00fcfen\u2026 K\u00f6yde kredi alanlar olmu\u015ftu. Hani mikro krediler falan var ya\u2026 \u00c7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, s\u00fcs bitkileri al\u0131p ektiler. Sonra kimse bakmad\u0131. Ot b\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f oray\u0131\u2026 \u00dcst\u00fcnden bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7ti. <em>Art\u0131k s\u00fcrsek mi bu tarlay\u0131, \u00f6ld\u00fc, bitti, bir \u015fey kalmad\u0131<\/em>, falan derken gittik bakt\u0131k ki hepsi yemye\u015fil; di\u011ferlerinden \u00e7ok daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131! Otun i\u00e7inde gayet g\u00fczel b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler. Kura\u011fa ra\u011fmen susuzluk \u00e7ekmemi\u015fler.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Otla sava\u015fmay\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131n m\u0131 tamamen?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Minimuma indirmeye gayret ediyorum. Zaten hi\u00e7bir zaman \u201c\u00f6ld\u00fcr, yok et!\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmad\u0131m.\u00a0 Bir de \u015funu g\u00f6zlemledim:<\/p>\n<p>Otu temizledi\u011fin zaman; yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yok etti\u011fin zaman, oradaki \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131yorsun. Yerine, bir iki tip en sald\u0131rgan, en zararl\u0131 yabani ot \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bunu \u00f6zellikle yanan yerlerde \u00e7ok bariz g\u00f6zlemliyorsun. H\u00e2lbuki do\u011fal denge i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu zaman ne kadar farkl\u0131\u2026 Bir g\u00f6rsen, sebze bah\u00e7em ot i\u00e7inde \u015fu anda\u2026 yoncas\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2026 B\u00f6cek sorunumuz olmad\u0131 hi\u00e7\u2026 Hi\u00e7 ila\u00e7lama yapmad\u0131m. Bir tek, ya\u011fmurdan sonra domatesler mantar hastal\u0131klar\u0131ndan etkilendi. Onun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7bir sorun yok.<\/p>\n<p>Fukuoka meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na sebze tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 rasgele serpiyor. Orada otlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bir \u015feyler \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ben \u00f6yle yapamam. Toplama zorlu\u011fu falan\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Sen ne yapt\u0131n?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Daha ba\u015fka bir y\u00f6ntem: Bir s\u0131ra domates, bir s\u0131ra fasulye; onun yan\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra paz\u0131, sonra gene domates\u2026 \u0130ki s\u0131ra domatesin aras\u0131 en az iki metre uzak birbirinden\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2014 Bu \u015fekilde ekmenin yarar\u0131 ne?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2014 Her sebzenin ihtiyac\u0131 farkl\u0131 oluyor; biri topraktan fosforu \u00e7ekiyor, \u00f6teki ba\u015fka bir \u015feyi\u2026 Dost bitkileri yan yana ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorum, b\u00f6ylece dengeyi sa\u011fl\u0131yorum. Mesela bir ara patl\u0131canlara b\u00f6cek geldi, ama o b\u00f6l\u00fcmde kald\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bah\u00e7eye yay\u0131lamad\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc patl\u0131canlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda mesafe var. Araya domates vs. girdi\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6tekileri bulamad\u0131\u2026 Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bah\u00e7e deniyorum. Ho\u015fuma gidiyor. Arada \u00e7i\u00e7ekler de var. Seneye daha \u00e7ok \u00e7i\u00e7ek ekece\u011fim\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-4367\" src=\"http:\/\/tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image1-205x300.jpg\" alt=\"image\" width=\"205\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image1-205x300.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2007\/10\/image1.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bu s\u00f6yle\u015fiden sonra kitab\u0131 merakla okumaya ba\u015flad\u0131m. Ger\u00e7ekten, okuduk\u00e7a tar\u0131mda geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn gereklili\u011fini, hatta zorunlulu\u011funu hissediyor, kavr\u0131yor insan. Do\u011fan\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak, \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczden ne kadar uzakla\u015fmakta oldu\u011fumuzu da\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Fukuoka mikro-biyoloji alan\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Uzun y\u0131llar bitki hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapt\u0131ktan sonra insan\u0131n do\u011fay\u0131 kontrol etme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n gereksiz ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015f; Japonya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyinde \u015eikoku adas\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6y\u00fcne d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cBabam o s\u0131rada mandalina yeti\u015ftiriyordu. Da\u011fdaki bir kul\u00fcbeye ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131m ve \u00e7ok sade, ilkel bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131m. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum ki e\u011fer fark ettiklerimi burada, bir narenciye ve tah\u0131l \u00e7ift\u00e7isi olarak hayata ge\u00e7irip \u00f6rnekleyebilirsem b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya bunun do\u011frulu\u011funu kabul edecekti. Y\u00fczlerce a\u00e7\u0131klama sunmaktansa bu felsefeyi uygulamak yerinde olmayacak m\u0131yd\u0131? Benim \u201chi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapma!\u201d tar\u0131m\u0131 y\u00f6ntemim bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyle ba\u015flad\u0131. Y\u0131l 1938\u2019di\u2026\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Babas\u0131 bol \u00fcr\u00fcn veren mandalina bah\u00e7elerini ona emanet edene kadar her \u015fey yolunda gidiyor. Fukuoka slogan\u0131n\u0131 uygulayacak ya; budamay\u0131 falan b\u0131rak\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece dallar birbirine dolan\u0131yor, her taraf\u0131 b\u00f6cek sar\u0131yor ve\u2026 g\u00fczelim a\u011fa\u00e7lar kuruyup gidiyor.<\/p>\n<p>O zaman anl\u0131yor ki acele etmi\u015f. Ve anl\u0131yor ki do\u011fal tar\u0131m, \u201cterk etmek\u201d demek de\u011fil. Babas\u0131 da \u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor olmal\u0131; kendisine bir i\u015f bulmas\u0131n\u0131, bu arada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine \u00e7ekid\u00fczen vermesini, sonra tekrar k\u00f6ye d\u00f6nebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Baba s\u00f6z\u00fc dinleyip Ko\u00e7i\u2019deki deneme istasyonunda m\u00fcfetti\u015f olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Bu g\u00f6revde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 sekiz y\u0131l boyunca bilimsel tar\u0131m, hastal\u0131k ve b\u00f6cek kontrol\u00fc \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131yor\u2026 Ama hep \u015fu soruyla bo\u011fu\u015fuyor Fukuoka: Do\u011fal tar\u0131m bilimsel tar\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ayakta kalabilecek mi?<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cSava\u015f bitince taze bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck esintisi duydum. Rahat bir nefes alarak k\u00f6y\u00fcme d\u00f6nd\u00fcm ve tar\u0131m\u0131 yeni ba\u015ftan ele ald\u0131m.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Deneye yan\u0131la ilerliyor ve bug\u00fcn \u201chi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapma!\u201d y\u00f6ntemiyle ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcn miktar\u0131, Japonya\u2019n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek verimine e\u015fit. Modern tar\u0131m\u0131n tersine, \u201c\u015eunu yapmasak nas\u0131l olur? Bunu yapmasak nas\u0131l olur?\u201d diyerek, eleye deneye sadeli\u011fe varm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cEn sonunda \u015fu sonuca vard\u0131m: S\u00fcrmeye gerek yoktu, g\u00fcbrelemeye gerek yoktu, kompost yapmaya gerek yoktu, b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 kullanmaya gerek yoktu.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7iftli\u011finde konuk etti\u011fi insanlardan da s\u00f6z ediyor Fukuoka. Her milletten; ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, \u00e7ift\u00e7i, \u00f6\u011frenci, \u015fair, gezgin, hippi; kad\u0131n, erkek, gen\u00e7, ya\u015fl\u0131\u2026 Bah\u00e7e ve tarla i\u015flerine yard\u0131m ederek \u00f6\u011freniyor ya da meraklar\u0131n\u0131 gideriyorlar. Meyve bah\u00e7esinin bulundu\u011fu tepede birka\u00e7 kul\u00fcbecik\u2026 Mum ve lamba \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7en huzur dolu ak\u015famlar\u2026 Kahverengi pirin\u00e7 ve sebzeden olu\u015fan \u00f6\u011f\u00fcnler\u2026 \u00c7ok sade bir ya\u015fam var burada.<\/p>\n<p>Fukuoka onlara \u00e7ay sunuyor; hep birlikte sohbet ediyorlar. Onlar\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dinlemekten, ba\u015fka diyarlarda bu i\u015flerin nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmekten \u00e7ok ho\u015flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Ama\u2026 \u201cHi\u00e7bir \u015fey yapma!\u201d y\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta \u201cYan gel yat!\u201d anlayan bu insanlar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u00fcrpriz bekliyor: <strong><em>\u201c\u015eafak vaktinin sisleri i\u00e7inde p\u0131nardan su ta\u015f\u0131mak, eller k\u0131zarana ve su toplay\u0131p s\u0131zlayana kadar odun k\u0131rmak, diz boyu \u00e7amurun i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak\u2026 Bir\u00e7o\u011fu hemen vazge\u00e7iyor!\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>***<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Amac\u0131m, ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 vererek ilgi uyand\u0131rmakt\u0131. Ama \u015funu da belirtmeliyim: Fukuoka\u2019n\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi tar\u0131msal y\u00f6ntemin anlat\u0131m\u0131ndan ibaret de\u011fil bu kitap. Onun, insan\u0131 do\u011fayla, insan\u0131 insanla yeniden birle\u015ftiren b\u00fcy\u00fck ya\u015fam felsefesinin hik\u00e2yesi ayn\u0131 zamanda.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cHayvanlar da d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler, ama sava\u015fmazlar. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\/zay\u0131f fark\u0131 yaratmam\u0131z\u0131n sonucudur sava\u015f. Sava\u015f\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u201cayr\u0131cal\u0131k\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerseniz, o zaman ya\u015fam bir sa\u00e7mal\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu sa\u00e7mal\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u00e7mal\u0131k oldu\u011funu bilmemek; i\u015fte insan\u0131n trajedisi burada yatar.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>04\/10\/2007<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Bizim Sakarya Gazetesi<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Ge\u00e7en haftaki yaz\u0131mda, S\u00f6\u011f\u00fctl\u00fc \u2013 Maksudiye\u2019de 6\u20137 y\u0131ldan beri organik tar\u0131m yapan arkada\u015f\u0131m Berin Ert\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn de her cumartesi tezg\u00e2h a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015ei\u015fli \u2013 Ferik\u00f6y Ekolojik Halk Pazar\u0131\u2019ndan s\u00f6z etmi\u015ftim. O g\u00fcn, orada g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir kitap ilgimi \u00e7ekmi\u015fti. Kitab\u0131n ad\u0131: \u201cEkin Sap\u0131 Devrimi\u201d. Yazar\u0131: \u201cMasanobu FUKUOKA\u201d. Berin Han\u0131m kitab\u0131 biliyordu; \u201cBen bu kitab\u0131 80\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[467,463],"tags":[1076,1078,1077,1075],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3007"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3007"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4581,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3007\/revisions\/4581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tamayacikel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}